# 容器网络入门操作2 ## 测试2：拉取一个nginx镜像文件，这里使用的是最小化的版本 `docker pull nginx:alpine` 然后启动nginx容器： ``` docker run --name nginx1 -d --net bridge nginx:alpine ``` 然后通过`docker inspect`查看nginx1这个容器的ip地址： ``` root@09-1:/data/mysql3# docker inspect --format='{{range .NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}' nginx1 172.17.0.3 ``` 在宿主机上使用 curl 172.17.0.3 即可访问nginx容器的主页： ``` root@09-1:/data/mysql3# curl 172.17.0.3 Welcome to nginx!

Welcome to nginx!

If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required.

For online documentation and support please refer to nginx.org.
Commercial support is available at nginx.com.

Thank you for using nginx.

``` 但是这个nginx在宿主机以外是无法访问的，关于docker内置支持的四种网络类型，可以参考这张图： ![docker内置支持的四种网络类型](/files/-M5aVfveMQ-rSu_5PYZs) 所以，要实现跨宿主机的网络访问，首先要把容器的端口暴露在宿主机的网络接口上，原理与路由器上的NAT类似。通过增加参数 `-p [宿主端口]:[容器端口]` 实现，例如： ``` docker run --name nginx2 -d --net bridge -p 10080:80 nginx:alpine ``` `docker ps`现在可以看到端口转发的情况： ``` root@09-1:~# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 925878944cd8 nginx:alpine "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 4 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 0.0.0.0:10080->80/tcp nginx2 9f2bd3b88b8e nginx:alpine "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 54 minutes ago Up 54 minutes 80/tcp nginx1 5104ca874b9e mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql4 ``` 也可以使用`docker port`查看： ``` root@09-1:~# docker port nginx2 80/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:10080 ``` 使用`iptables -t nat -vnL`可以看到对应的NAT规则： ``` root@09-1:~# iptables -t nat -vnL Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 1 packets, 169 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 7 1201 DOCKER all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ADDRTYPE match dst-type LOCAL Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 1 packets, 169 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 2 packets, 146 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 DOCKER all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 !127.0.0.0/8 ADDRTYPE match dst-type LOCAL Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 2 packets, 146 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 MASQUERADE all -- * !docker0 172.17.0.0/16 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 MASQUERADE tcp -- * * 172.17.0.4 172.17.0.4 tcp dpt:80 Chain DOCKER (2 references) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 RETURN all -- docker0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 DNAT tcp -- !docker0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:10080 to:172.17.0.4:80 ``` 这样，通过其他主机，访问这台宿主机的`http://ip:10080`端口，就能访问到nginx2容器内的80端口，获取nginx主页信息。 --- # Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter: ``` GET https://maxidea.gitbook.io/k8s-testing/dan-ji-ce-shi/container-network-startup-testing2.md?ask= ``` The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language. The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation. Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.